Infertility is a widespread problem among Indian women these days. It may be stressful and confusing, and the positive news is that most of the causes of infertility are treatable. The first step that leads to the correct solution is to understand why it is so.
What Is Female Infertility?
Female infertility refers to the inability to conceive after some time. This is usually common in:
- 12 months among women under 35.
- Women who have been above 35 for more than six months
Note: This may be due to various causes such as issues with ovulation, the uterus or general wellbeing.
1. Problems with Ovulation
The ovary releases an egg every month, and this is called ovulation. Without regular ovulation, it is hard to become pregnant. PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is one of the common conditions.
Signs:
- Irregular periods
- Missed periods
- Weight gain or acne
These signs will be accompanied by more serious issues such as depression and anxiety. This, in turn, might lead to serious body image issues. It is important to remember that body image issues are often linked with an increase in body weight, thinning of hair, and dermatological changes such as the development of dark patches across the skin.
Treatment:
Although the common opinion is that PCOS is an irreversible condition, it can be managed properly. Considering this, some of the ways by which this condition can be managed are:
- Eating well and exercising.
- Drugs to help with ovulation.
- Hormone treatment
Out of these, eating well and maintaining a strict, balanced diet for at least six months is the best way. Considering this, including foods rich in fibre, lean protein, and fats can assist in stabilising hormone levels, weight loss, and increasing the chances of pregnancy. In a country like India, where reportedly 25% of women within the reproductive age suffer from this condition, promoting healthy food habits is a must.
2. Blocked Fallopian Tubes
Fallopian tubes help in the meeting of the egg and the sperm. When they are clogged, then fertilisation becomes impossible.
Causes:
Some common causes related to blocked fallopian tubes are:
- Infections
- Past surgeries
- Endometriosis
There are some high-risk factors involved as well. Some of them are STIs in the Pelvic Area, Hydrosalpinx, and Ectopic pregnancies (if they took place in the past). The doctors commonly use Hysterosalpingogram (HSG). HSG is a special type of X-Ray that is used to detect clogged tubes.
Treatment:
Common treatment procedures associated with clogged fallopian tubes are:
- Operation to enlarge the tubes.
- Bypassing the tubes in IVF treatment
Here, it is important to remember that the mode of treatment will be selected according to the age of the woman. Considering this, enlarging or repairing the tubes usually involves procedures like Recanalization, Laparoscopic Surgery, and Tubal Ligation Reversal. However, these are only considered for younger women. In contrast, bypassing the tubes in IVF treatment is only considered when the tubes themselves are damaged beyond repair.
3. Age Factor
The quality and quantity of eggs decrease as women get older. This complicates getting pregnant.
Treatment:
Although for this condition, pregnancy is always a 50/50 chance, there are some ways to ensure the success of pregnancy:
- When possible, plan pregnancy earlier.
- Freezing of eggs to use in the future.
- IVF/donor egg alternatives
Out of these ways, the best option is to plan a pregnancy early. The prime time to think about pregnancy is during the late twenties to early thirties. If that threshold is crossed, it is wise to consider IVF. For that, you can consult Dr Anindita Singh, the best IVF doctor in Kolkata.
4. Hormonal Imbalance
The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones. Unless they are balanced, ovulation might not occur normally.
Signs:
Some of the most common signs of hormonal imbalance are:
- Irregular periods
- Weight changes
- Tiredness
Weight changes contribute most to hormonal changes. So it’s always wise to maintain a healthy weight through daily exercise. The easiest way to maintain such a weight is by avoiding junk and high-fat foods for at least six months. Remember, your lifestyle affects your ability to get pregnant greatly.
When Do You Need To See A Doctor?
There are certain signs which will tell you when you need to consider seeing a doctor. These signs are:
- You have long been attempting to no avail.
- You have irregular periods.
- You have miscarried several times.
Treatment at an early age can enhance your conception.
General treatment suggestions can include:
- Medicines to help with ovulation
- Surgery for physical problems
- Therapies such as IVF or IUI.
The treatment plan varies, and each is based on your condition.
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Conclusion
There are numerous causes of female infertility, the majority of which can be eliminated or controlled. The trick is to realise the issue at hand early enough and do the appropriate things.
Through adequate care, medical care and healthy lifestyle changes, more women can have a successful pregnancy. In case of any challenge, do not put it off to get assistance- early is the best solution.
